Clinical Assessment & Fertility Counselling
Medical History & Clinical Evaluation
A comprehensive assessment of male reproductive health begins with a detailed review of the patient’s medical, family and reproductive history. The aim is to identify factors that may affect fertility, sexual health and the overall function of the male reproductive system.
Information is collected regarding the individual’s general health, pre-existing medical conditions, previous surgical procedures, current medications and lifestyle factors. The reproductive history is also carefully evaluated, including previous attempts to conceive, infections of the male reproductive tract, a history of varicocele, genital trauma and other conditions that may affect sperm production and function.
Based on the findings of the initial assessment, a personalised diagnostic plan is developed to investigate the possible causes of infertility, optimise reproductive health and guide the selection of the most appropriate treatment strategy.
When Should I Have My Fertility Evaluated?
A male fertility assessment is recommended if pregnancy has not been achieved after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse (or after 6 months if the female partner is over the age of 35). Evaluation is also advised for men with abnormal semen analysis results, a history of varicocele, genital tract infections, previous surgery, hormonal disorders or other conditions that may affect fertility or overall reproductive health.
Will I Need to See a Urologist or Andrologist?
In some cases, assessment by a specialist urologist/andrologist is an important part of the diagnostic process. If the clinical evaluation suggests conditions such as varicocele, hormonal abnormalities, infections, anatomical abnormalities or other disorders affecting the male reproductive system, our team will refer you to the appropriate specialist for further investigation and treatment. Close collaboration between embryologists, urologists/andrologists and fertility specialists ensures a comprehensive, multidisciplinary and personalised approach to your care.
Medical and Genetic Counselling
Medical and genetic counselling are an integral part of every important diagnostic evaluation and reproductive decision.
During medical counselling, the specialist explains the test results, possible underlying causes, available treatment options and reproductive choices, including IUI, IVF, ICSI and other assisted reproductive techniques.
During genetic counselling, a clinical geneticist or specialised genetic counsellor evaluates the findings of genetic tests, explains the potential risk of transmitting genetic conditions to future offspring, discusses available options such as prenatal testing or Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT), and supports couples in making informed reproductive decisions.
The counselling process includes a detailed review of family history, interpretation of genetic and medical results, discussion of relevant legal and ethical considerations, and a clear presentation of available reproductive options.
Counselling is a supportive, non-directive process that aims to provide accurate information, empower individuals and couples, and help them prepare for future reproductive choices.
Why Is Medical and Genetic Counselling Important?
Medical and genetic counselling helps individuals and couples better understand their test results, possible causes of infertility, and available treatment or reproductive options. It provides accurate scientific information, allowing decisions to be made based on each person’s or couple’s specific circumstances, needs and reproductive goals.
When Is Genetic Counselling Recommended?
Genetic counselling may be recommended when genetic test results reveal significant findings, when there is a family history of inherited conditions, recurrent pregnancy loss, severe sperm abnormalities (such as azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia), or before assisted reproductive treatments involving embryo genetic testing, such as Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT). The goal is to ensure a clear understanding of genetic information and to support informed reproductive decision-making.
Nutritional Counselling & Personalised Supplement Recommendations
Nutrition and lifestyle factors can significantly influence sperm quality and overall male reproductive health.
During nutritional counselling, we assess dietary habits, body weight, lifestyle factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity), as well as any potential interactions with medications or existing health conditions.
The goal is to support optimal spermatogenesis and reduce oxidative stress through evidence-based lifestyle modifications, including a balanced diet, adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern, adequate sleep, regular physical activity and reduction of environmental and lifestyle-related factors that may negatively affect fertility.
When appropriate, personalised nutritional supplements may be recommended, such as antioxidants (vitamins C and E), zinc, selenium, L-carnitine, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin D. Supplement recommendations are always provided following individual assessment and under appropriate medical guidance to ensure correct dosage and consideration of possible interactions.
The duration of supplementation is tailored to each individual’s goals and clinical needs. In many cases, treatment courses of 3–6 months are considered, as sperm development and maturation require approximately 74 days.
Nutritional counselling is practical and personalised, focusing on sustainable lifestyle changes that support improved reproductive health and overall wellbeing.
Can Diet Improve Sperm Quality?
Yes. Diet and lifestyle factors can influence important aspects of male fertility, including sperm concentration, motility and DNA quality. A balanced diet, particularly a Mediterranean-style dietary pattern, combined with reducing negative lifestyle factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, sedentary behaviour and oxidative stress, may contribute to optimising reproductive health.
How Long Does It Take to See Improvements in Sperm Quality After Dietary Changes or Supplements?
Sperm production and maturation take approximately 74 days, meaning that lifestyle changes and nutritional interventions usually require several months before their effects can be assessed. In many cases, sperm quality is re-evaluated after approximately 3 months, depending on the individual’s initial findings and treatment goals.